没有
Basic Meaning
v
Negates 'to have' or 'to possess'. This is its most common meaning.
not have; lack
表示“领有、具有”的否定。
Words:
没有票没有理由
Synonyms:
缺乏莫得不有
Antonyms:
拥有具有持有具备
Sentences:
- 我没有票，所以不能去看电影。I don't have a ticket, so I can't go see the movie.
- 他没有理由迟到。He has no reason to be late.
adv
Used before a verb to negate a past experience. Typically answered by 'mei2 you3' and followed by '过' (guo4). Compare with 'bu4' (不), which negates present/future or volition.
have not (done something)
表示“曾经”的否定。
Words:
没有经历从来没有
Synonyms:
未曾不曾未尝
Antonyms:
曾经
Sentences:
- 我没有经历过这样的事。I have never experienced something like this.
- 他从来没有出过国。He has never been abroad.
v
Used before '谁' (shei2) or '哪个' (na3 ge5), it means 'not a single one' or 'everyone/none'. As in '没有谁不知道' (Nobody doesn't know).
nobody; no one; none
用在“谁、哪个”等词前边，表示“全都不”。
Words:
没有谁没有哪个
Antonyms:
Sentences:
- 没有谁想一个人工作。Nobody wants to work alone.
- 没有哪个方案是完美的。None of the plans are perfect.
v
Used in comparisons: A 没有 B (adjective). It means A does not reach the level of B. The structure is the opposite of '比' (bi3).
not as ... as
不如；不及。
Words:
没有比没有如此
Synonyms:
不如不及
Antonyms:
胜过超过
Sentences:
- 我弟弟没有我高。My younger brother is not as tall as I am.
- 这里没有比图书馆更安静的地方了。There is no place quieter than the library here.
v
Negates the existence of something. Often appears in phrases like '没有人' (no one is here), '没有事' (nothing's wrong).
there is no; not exist
表示存在的否定。
Words:
没有影子没有痕迹
Antonyms:
存在
Sentences:
- 房间里没有影子。There is no shadow in the room.
- 桌上没有手机。There is no phone on the table.
adv
Negates that an action or event has been completed. Often paired with resultative complements. For example, '没有做完' (have not finished yet).
has/have not yet
表示“已然”的否定。
Words:
没有完成没有发生
Synonyms:
尚未不曾
Sentences:
- 我的作业还没有完成。My homework is not finished yet.
- 会议没有发生什么变化。No changes have occurred in the meeting.
v
Used to indicate that an amount, degree, or standard is not met. Can precede a time or quantity, e.g., '没有三天' (less than three days).
less than; not up to
不够；不到。
Words:
没有达到没有足够
Synonyms:
Antonyms:
Sentences:
- 我们走了没有半小时就到了。We arrived after walking for less than half an hour.
- 他的体重还没有达到标准。His weight hasn't yet reached the standard.